What is KYC || KYC (Know Your Customer) Kya Hai

 "KYC: Aapke Vittiye Jeevan Ko Surakshit Banane Ki Puri Guide Aur Iske 4 Mahatvapurn Pillar"

KYC (Know Your Customer) Kya Hai: 

KYC (Know Your Customer) ek mahatvapurn prakriya hai, jiska uddeshya vittiya sansthaon ko yeh sunishchit karna hai ki ve sahi grahak se len-den kar rahe hain. KYC ke tahat, grahak ki pehchaan, pata aur vittiya sthiti ki jaanch ki jaati hai taaki yeh sunishchit kiya ja sake ki grahak ka vyavhaar kanoon ke anuroop hai aur vo koi avaid gatividhiyon mein sanlipt nahin hai. KYC prakriya banking, beema, nivesh aur anya vittiya sevaon mein anivary hai, kyunki yeh suraksha ke upayon ka hissa hai aur dhokhadhaadi, money laundering aur aatankwad ko vittiya sansthaon ke madhyam se hone se rokta hai.

KYC Ka Poora Naam Kya Hai :

KYC ka poora naam hai "Know Your Customer", jiska Hindi mein arth hai "Apne Grahak Ko Janna". Yeh ek prakriya hai, jismein vittiya sansthaayein apne grahak ki pehchaan satyapit karti hain. Is prakriya ka uddeshya yeh sunishchit karna hai ki grahak ke baare mein sahi jaankari prapt ho, taaki vittiya sansthaayein grahak se surakshit aur vaidh len-den kar sakein.

KYC Ka Record Bearing Number: Kya Hota Hai :

KYC record bearing number ek vishesh pehchaan sankhya hoti hai, jise grahak ke KYC data ke record ke saath joda jaata hai. Yeh sankhya ek tarah ka tracking number hoti hai, jo grahak ke KYC vivaron ko record karne mein madad karti hai. Is number ka upyog grahak ke dastavezon ki pehchaan karne aur satyapit karne ke liye kiya jaata hai. Yeh number bank aur anya vittiya sansthaon dwara kiya jaane wala ek surakshit tareeka hai taaki grahak ke dastavezon ko sahi tareeke se panjikrit kiya ja sake.

KYC Prakriya: Ek Vistaar Se Samajh

KYC prakriya ek nishchit kram mein hoti hai, jismein vibhinn charan hote hain jo grahak ki pehchaan aur unke vittiya vyavhaar ka satyapan karte hain. KYC prakriya mein aam tor par nimnalikhit mukhya kadam shaamil hote hain:

 Grahak Ki Pehchaan Satyapit Karna : Ismein grahak se sambandhit pehchaan pramaanon jaise Aadhaar card, PAN card, passport, driving license ityadi ki zarurat hoti hai.

Grahak Ka Pata Satyapit Karna: Is charan mein grahak ke sthayi ya vartaman pate ki pushti ki jaati hai. Iske liye bijli ka bill, bank statement, ya anya sarkari dastavez ki avashyakta hoti hai.

Grahak Ka Vittiya Itihas: Ismein grahak ke vittiya len-den ka moolyaankan kiya jaata hai taaki yeh sunishchit kiya ja sake ki vo kisi sandigdh ya avaid gatividhiyon mein sanlipt nahin hai.

Grahak Se Judi Anya Jaankari: Kabhi-kabhi sansthaayein grahak ki anya jaankari jaise uski peshewar sthiti, aay ke strot, aur len-den ke pattern ka bhi vishleshan karti hain.

KYC Ke 4 Pillar: Grahak Ki Pehchaan Aur Suraksha

KYC prakriya ke chaar mukhya pillars (pillers) hain, jinka uddeshya yeh sunishchit karna hai ki grahak ki jaankari sahi tareeke se panjikrit aur satyapit ki gayi hai. Yeh chaar pillars hain:

1. Grahak Swikriti Niti (Customer Acceptance Policy)

Yeh pillar yeh sunishchit karta hai ki koi bhi grahak jo ek vittiya seva ka upyog karna chahta hai, vo sanstha dwara nirdharit maan-dand ke anuroop yogy ho. Is niti mein grahak ke risk profile, uski pehchaan, aur uske vittiya itihas ka moolyaankan kiya jaata hai. Grahak swikriti niti yeh sunishchit karti hai ki sabhi grahak jinki pehchaan aur data sahi hain, unhe hi banking aur anya vittiya sevaon ka labh mil sake.

2. Grahak Pehchaan Karyakram (Customer Identification Program)

Grahak pehchaan karyakram (CIP) KYC prakriya ka mahatvapurn hissa hota hai, jismein grahak ke pehchaan pramaanon ki jaanch ki jaati hai. Ismein grahak se pehchaan sabit karne ke liye dastavezon ki avashyakta hoti hai, jaise PAN card, Aadhaar card, passport ityadi. Yeh sunishchit karne ke liye kiya jaata hai ki kisi bhi vyakti ke khilaaf dhokhadhaadi ya avaid gatividhiyon ka koi risk na ho.

3. Risk Management (JoRisk Prabandhan)

KYC prakriya ke dauraan, risk management ek mahatvapurn pehlu hai, jismein yeh sunishchit kiya jaata hai ki koi grahak dhokhadhaadi, money laundering ya aatankwad se sambandhit gatividhiyon mein sanlipt na ho. Risk management ranneetiyan grahak ke risk profile ka moolyaankan karti hain aur sambhavit khatron ko pehchaanane ke liye unke len-den ka vishleshan karti hain. Yadi kisi grahak ka risk profile uchit hota hai, to uske khilaaf atirikt suraksha upay kiye jaate hain.

4. Nirantar Nigrani (Ongoing Monitoring)

KYC prakriya ke antargat nirantar nigrani ek mahatvapurn prakriya hai, jismein sansthaayein samay-samay par grahak ke vyavhaar aur len-den ki nigrani karti hain. Is prakriya ka uddeshya yeh sunishchit karna hai ki grahak ke kisi bhi prakar ki sandigdh ya avaid gatividhiyon mein sanlipt hone ki sambhavana na ho. Nirantar nigrani ke antargat, sansthaayein grahak ke len-den ka niyamit roop se moolyaankan karti hain aur kisi bhi sambhavit dhokhadhaadi ya risk ka pata lagati hain.

KYC Ke Dastavez: Kaunse Dastavez Avashyak Hote Hain

KYC prakriya mein vibhinn dastavezon ki avashyakta hoti hai, taaki grahak ki pehchaan aur pata sahi tareeke se satyapit kiya ja sake. Nimnalikhit dastavez KYC ke liye avashyak hote hain:

1. Pehchaan Pramaad:

• Aadhaar card
• Passport
• PAN card
• Driving license

2. Pata Pramaad:

• Bijli ka bill
• Bank statement
• Ration card
• Rent agreement

3. Photo Pramaad:

• Passport size photo (Haali ki)

4. Janm Pramaad:

• Janm pramaad patra (Yadi avashyak ho)

KYC Kyun Avashyak Hai?

KYC prakriya vittiya sansthaon ke liye kai karanon se mahatvapurn hai:

• Suraksha Aur Pardarshita: KYC ke madhyam se yeh sunishchit kiya jaata hai ki keval sahi grahak hi vittiya sevaon ka laabh utha rahe hain, jisse dhokhadhaadi aur avaid gatividhiyon ko roka ja sakta hai.

• Kanooni Aur Vittiya Anupalan: KYC ki prakriya se vittiya sansthaayein vibhinn kanoonon aur sarkari nirdeshon ka paalan karti hain. Isse sansthaayein money laundering aur aatankwad se judi gatividhiyon se bachne mein madad karti hain.

• Grahak Ki Suraksha: KYC se grahak ki vyaktigat jaankari surakshit rehti hai aur yeh sunishchit karta hai ki unka len-den keval vaidh aur surakshit vyaktiyon ke saath ho.

Nishkarsh:

KYC (Know Your Customer) ek mahatvapurn aur anivary prakriya hai, jo na keval vittiya sansthaon ko dhokhadhaadi aur avaid gatividhiyon se bachati hai, balki grahak ke liye bhi suraksha aur pardarshita pradan karti hai. KYC ke chaar mukhya pillar—grhak swikriti niti, grahak pehchaan karyakram, risk management aur nirantar nigrani—yeh sunishchit karte hain ki sabhi grahak ka satyapan sahi tareeke se kiya jaaye aur unke vittiya len-den surakshit hon. Saath hi, KYC dastavezon ke sahi upyog se yeh prakriya grahak ki jaankari ko sanrakshit rakhti hai.

Isliye, yeh atyant mahatvapurn hai ki aap apni KYC prakriya ko samay-samay par update karte rahein aur kisi bhi vittiya seva ka upyog karte samay ise puri tarah se samajhein.